I. Basic Process Data tihfel (Model thlan tur atana thil tul hmasa ber) .
1. Media lum leh vawt (equipment materials leh structural boundary tehna) property chiang taka sawifiah.
Pakhatnaah chuan, a lum leh a vawt lam-a media bikte chu process water, circulating water, steam, thermal oil, acidic emaw alkaline solutions, emaw brine te hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.
Media hrang hrang hian hmanrua chu kawng hrang hrangin a nghawng a; entirnan, chloride-containing media hian awlsam takin pitting corrosion a thlen thei a, 316L stainless steel emaw titanium ang chi thil hman a ngai a ni.
Media-ah hian suspended particle emaw, crystallization nei awlsam thil emaw a awm chuan, a clogging loh nan channel gap tihpun emaw, flow velocity tihtlem emaw ngaihtuah rawh.
Food-grade emaw pharmaceutical-grade emaw mamawh a nih chuan, design hian sanitary standard (eg, disassembly leh cleaning phalsak, leh structure thi tawh lo tura enkawl) a tlin tur a ni.
2. Inlet leh outlet temperature condition (heat transfer atana driving force tichiangtu) tarlang rawh.
Inlet leh target outlet temperature chu a lum leh a vawt lam pahnih tan a awm tur a ni (eg, cooling from 80℃to 50℃, heating from 20℃to 60℃).
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· Temperature danglamna hian heat transfer atana driving force chu direct-in a tichiang a; temperature danglamna tlem zawk chuan heat transfer area lian zawk a mamawh a ni.
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· "Temperature approach limitations"-entir nan, process requirement-in cold-side temperature-in limit engemaw zat a pelh theih loh thu a sawi a nih chuan, a awm leh awm loh hriat a ngai bawk.
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· Phase inthlak danglamna (condensation emaw evaporation ang chi) a awm chuan temperature profile chu a hranin tarlan tur a ni.
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3. Flow rate leh operating load tihfel (heat exchange scale tihfel) .
Hot leh cold side pahnih tan mass emaw volumetric flow rates pek a ngai a, hengte hi thermal load chhiarna atana core input a nih avangin.
Operating condition pathum thliar hran a ngai a, chungte chu maximum load, normal load leh minimum load te an ni.
System-ah hian hnathawh dan inthlak danglam (intermittent production ang chi) a awm a nih chuan, dynamic operating conditions-a adaptability ngaihtuah a ngai a ni.
Flow rate data dikna hian heat exchanger chu a lian lutuk nge a lian lo tih direct-in a hril a ni.
4. System ramri leh tihkhawtlai (engineering constraints) te sawifiah.
Pressure drop range phalna sang ber- chiang takin sawifiah rawh entirnan, 50 kPa aia tlem emaw a tlukpui emaw, pump capacity-in a ruat limit emaw.
→ He parameter hian plate channels design leh flow velocity thlan dan chu direct-in a dictate a, system energy consumption nghawngtu critical boundary condition angin a thawk a ni.
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Installation space constraints chiang taka sawifiah la, equipment san zawng, inlet/outlet orientation, leh maintenance clearance te pawh a tel.
→ Spatial conditions hian heat exchanger frame dimension leh nakin lawka enkawl theih dan tur chu direct-in a hril ang.
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Nakin lawka capacity tihpun phal a nih leh nih loh hriatfiah (chu chuan plate capacity dang reserve a ngai leh mamawh loh a nghawng a ni).
→ He factor hian a hnu lama heat transfer capacity tihpun theihna turin modular design hman tur nge tih a tichiang a ni.
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System chu a thawk chhunzawm zel em tih hriatfiah (chu chuan maintenance leh redundancy design a nghawng).
→ Operating mode hian redundant equipment configuration mamawh leh mamawh loh leh cleaning leh maintenance cycle siam dan a nghawng a ni.
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Thermal Calculations leh Heat Transfer mamawh tur tehna (Core Design Phase) 1.1.
1. Thermal load chhut dan Q (equipment-te "capacity class" a ruat) .
Chhiar dan bulpui ber chu:
Q=m × Cp × ΔT a ni
A lum leh a vawt lam tan chuan chhut dan a hranin tih tur a ni a; theoretically chuan energy humhalhna principle chu a tlin a ngai a ni.
Heat loss emaw process-related heat release/absorption emaw account turin siamthatna siam tur a ni.
Q value hi heat exchanger surface area tichiangtu primary parameter a ni.
2. Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) chhiar dan (Driving force thlirletna) .
Counter-flow chhut dan formula hmangin:
LMTD=(ΔT1 - ΔT2) / ln(ΔT1 / ΔT2) a ni a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur hmun chu a inthlau hle.
ΔT1 leh ΔT2 hian a tawp pahniha temperature danglamna a entir a ni.
LMTD te zawk hian temperature-difference driving force chak lo zawk a tarlang a, hmanraw lian zawk a mamawh a ni.
Plate heat exchanger te hian LMTD tihpun nan counter-flow arrangement an hmang tlangpui.
3. Flow siamthatna factor F (structural influence factor) tih a ni.
• Fluid hian multi-pass emaw non{1}}ideal flow pattern a neih chuan correction factor dah a ngai a ni.
• A tlangpuiin: 0.75–1.0.
• Multi-pass structure hian F-value a nei tlem zawk tlangpui a, mahse velocity distribution a ti tha thei thung.
• A siamtu software chu design nen a hman dun tur a ni.
Plate Specifications leh Structural Conversion (Theory atanga Equipment-a inthlak danglamna) .
1. Plate type thlan (efficiency leh voltage drop a tichiang) .
• Herringbone plates: Heat exchange efficiency sang tak, mahse pressure drop lian tak a ni.
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• Shallow corrugated plates: Pressure drop hniam, flow rate sang, resistance hniam system atan a tha.
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• Deep corrugated plates: Anti-clogging theihna chak tak, fouling condition atan a tha.
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Plate angle (eg, 30℃/60℃) hian turbulence intensity leh drag characteristic a nghawng a ni.
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2. Plate size leh heat exchange area a inmil vek.
• Thil siamtu hrang hrangte chuan plate area hrang hrang (0.1–3 m2/plate) an hmang thin.
• Plate lian zawk hi high-flow-rate system atan a tha a, plate te zawk erawh chu precision control system atan a tha thung.
• Plate thlan hunah hmanrua size leh maintenance cost ngaihtuah tur a ni.
• Heat exchange area khat atan chuan plate size hrang hrang hian structural danglamna nasa tak a thlen thei.
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